Abstract
BackgroundThe Quad Council Competencies for Public Health Nurses are used to guide community and public health nursing course development in baccalaureate nursing programs. As clinical practice has expanded to global settings, the appropriateness of the 2011 Quad Council Public Health Nursing (PHN) Competencies to guide global clinical practice and evaluation was questioned. ObjectiveTo describe a comparison and analysis of three sets of competencies: PHN competencies, competencies for global health nurses, and interprofessional competencies for health professionals. MethodA literature review identified the most current guidelines and competencies for global health practice. Two seminal articles, “Global Health Competencies for Nurses in the Americas” and “Identifying Interprofessional Global Health Competencies for 21st-Century Health Professionals,” were reviewed and compared with the 2011 Quad Council Public Health Nursing Competencies. A six-member multi-site team conducted a qualitative thematic approach to competency analysis. A four column crosswalk spreadsheet grid was used for comparison of the three sets of competencies. Column four was created to identify possible exemplars for clinical practice. FindingsGaps exist in the PHN competencies for specific global and interprofessional competencies. RecommendationsEnhanced and consistent emphasis on population/global health, and interprofessional content throughout nursing curricula is necessary to prepare providers for practice in global settings. Incorporation of global and interprofessional competencies should be considered in the revision of competencies for PHN practice to enhance productive contributions to community health outcomes. Consideration of proper placement of content gaps within basic and advanced nursing education as well as leveling for community/public health nursing practice needs to be addressed by nursing education and practice. In the interim, a special course or elective may be appropriate, especially for schools having clinical nursing practicums in international settings. Clinical evaluation in low-resource settings needs to be enhanced and aligned with competencies.
Highlights
Over the past two decades, much discussion on health occurs under the umbrella of population health, which is built upon a long tradition of public health, community health and health promotion
The purpose of this paper is to describe a comparison and analysis of 3 types of competencies: competencies for public health nursing, global health competencies for nurses, and interprofessional competencies for health professionals
Global Health Competencies were developed through an exploratory descriptive survey lead by a team of faculty members at 4 Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (WHO) Nursing Collaborating Centers: The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Johns Hopkins University, the National University of Mexico, and the University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing
Summary
Over the past two decades, much discussion on health occurs under the umbrella of population health, which is built upon a long tradition of public health, community health and health promotion. By the year 2050, the population of North America will increase by 1% as a result of immigration and globalization.[2] Population health must embrace new meaning related to local impacts of globalization. Global interdependence, and global collaboration create a momentum for a prepared workforce to address the issues of global health.[3]. As clinical practice has expanded to global settings, the appropriateness of the 2011 Quad Council Public Health Nursing (PHN) Competencies to guide global clinical practice and evaluation was questioned
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