Abstract
Practices designed to meet the demands of global trade can amplify food safety problems. Ever-increasing pressure to churn out more product and better sides of beef has generated processes that compromise existing safety measures. Among the concerns are intensified food production, use of antimicrobials and hormones as growth promoters, and poor sanitary infrastructure in some food producing countries. Accompanying the innovations designed to serve the diversifying global palate are emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, or "trade-related infections." The joint efforts of international public health and industry are required to effectively address these growing health challenges.
Highlights
As food production and distribution practices evolve to keep pace with rapidly diversifying consumer demand and international competition, new pathogens are emerging and long-known microbes are expanding their reach. Resilient bacteria such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Cyclospora cayetanensis insinuate themselves into fruit, vegetables, poultry, beef and dairy products as they circulate around the globe, generating "trade-related infections" [1]
The recent Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease epidemics are compelling examples of this dynamic, this review focuses on enteric diseases and will not include prion disease
A study examining the 54 L. monocytogenes outbreaks reported around the world from 1970 to 2002 found that roughly one third occurred in the U.S In more than 90 percent of the cases, contaminated meat or dairy products were identified as the source of the infections[32]
Summary
In response to the growing market pressures of global commerce, producers are scrambling to meet the challenge by making more diverse and better products These constantly evolving dynamics of the global market are rendering existing safety systems outdated and in some http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/1/1/4 cases impractical even as they are being adapted. Since the health and welfare of the consuming public is a common concern, additional investment of food industry proceeds in epidemiologic investigation, laboratory, and public health at local and global levels would seem a reasonable pathway. Networks such as INFOSAN will likely identify particular areas where arm's length investment by industry could help shore up public sector capacity in resource poor economies
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