Abstract
German and Austrian historiography of the Holy League war is an essential source because German and Austrian historians have analyzed Russia's participation in this war since the 18th century. The discussion revolves around three main questions: about the moment of Russia's accession to the Holy League de jure and de facto; about the qualification of the Holy League as an international anti-Turkish and anti-Crimean alliance; finally, about the peculiarities of social and technological cooperation between the Venetian Republic, the Holy Roman Empire, and Russia. The German and Austrian historiography on Russia's role in the war with the Ottomans began to form at the end of the 17th century when Austrian diplomats started issuing pamphlets spreading the pan-European Christian idea. Leopold I acted in accordance with this idea as the defender of the European order on the Rhine and the defender of the entire Christian civilization from the Islamic Empire and its vassal of the Crimean Khanate. Russia was trying to secure its national interests in dealings with the European partners, which did not fit well with the relations between Vienna and Constantinople, Venice, and Constantinople, as well as the plans of Jan III Sobieski to compensate for the loss of Ukraine at the expense of the Danube lands. The assessments of German and Austrian historiography make sense if we regard Russia as a part of the European Christian civilization, sharing common cultural values and geopolitical challenges.
Highlights
The discussion revolves around three main questions: about the moment of Russia's accession to the Holy League de jure and de facto; about the qualification of the Holy League as an international anti-Turkish and anti-Crimean alliance; about the peculiarities of social and technological cooperation between the Venetian Republic, the Holy Roman Empire, and Russia
The German and Austrian historiography on Russia's role in the war with the Ottomans began to form at the end of the 17th century when Austrian diplomats started issuing pamphlets spreading the pan-European Christian idea
Leopold I acted in accordance with this idea as the defender of the European order on the Rhine and the defender of the entire Christian civilization from the Islamic Empire and its vassal of the Crimean Khanate
Summary
Исследования войны Священной лиги в немецкоязычной историографии представляют интерес, так как немецкие и австрийские историки на протяжении XVIIIХХI вв. обращались к анализу участия России в этой войне. Исследования войны Священной лиги в немецкоязычной историографии представляют интерес, так как немецкие и австрийские историки на протяжении XVIIIХХI вв. Одна из важных особенностей немецкоязычной историографии в восприятии роли России в войне с Османской империей заключается в начале формирования историографической традиции уже в конце XVII в., когда австрийские дипломаты выпускали памфлеты, в которых закладывался общеевропейский христианский пафос. В этой традиции принято считать, что, участвуя в войне Священной лиги, Россия стремилась к реализации на международной арене собственных интересов, которые плохо вписывались в отношения Вены и Константинополя, Венеции и Константинополя и противоречили планам Яна III Собеского компенсировать потери на Украине за счёт дунайских земель. В оценке роли России в войне Священной лиги немецкоязычные историки отмечают нестабильность данного альянса и высказывают предположение, что цели союзников трансформировались по ходу боевых действий.
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