The Geopolitics of Energy Supply in the ‘Wider Europe’

Abstract

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the anonymous referees for their constructive feedback and helpful comments on the articles included in this special section. The contributions to this section have emerged from a workshop that took place on 19–20 September 2007 at the University of Glasgow on the ‘Security of Energy Supply in the New Europe – A Challenge for the European Neighbourhood Policy?’. The workshop was co-organised by Valentina Feklyunina and Anke Schmidt-Felzmann and was generously funded by the University Association of Contemporary European Studies (UACES), the Department of Politics and the Faculty of Law, Business & Social Sciences of the University of Glasgow, the Scottish Jean Monnet Centre and the Centre for Russian, Central & East European Studies (CRCEES). Notes 1. Commission of the European Communities, ‘Towards a European Strategy for the security of energy supply’, Green Paper (Brussels: Commission of the European Communities 2001) p. 22. 2. Ibid., p. 3. 3. P. Roberts, ‘The Undeclared Oil War’, Washington Post, 28 June 2004. 4. The Union's (and thus the Commission's) competences over energy policy will increase following the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty which turns energy policy into an area of ‘shared competences’, see Article 176 A of the Treaty on the Functioning of the Union (TFEU). 5. B. Ferrero-Waldner, quoted in ‘Commission of the European Communities, Securing Your Energy Future: Commission Presents Energy Security, Solidarity and Efficiency Proposals’, Press Release (Brussels 2008), IP/08/1696, p. 1. 6. Commission of the European Communities, ‘On the Development of Energy Policy for the Enlarged European Union, its Neighbours and Partner Countries’, Communication (26 May 2003) COM 2003 262 final, p. 18. 7. Commission of the European Communities, ‘Towards a Secure, Sustainable and Competitive European Energy Network’, Green Paper (13 Nov. 2008) COM 2008 782 final. 8. Commission of the European Communities, ‘The Commission Proposes €5 Billion New Investment in Energy and Internet Broadband Infrastructure in 2009–2010, in Support of the EU Recovery Plan’ (28 Jan. 2009) IP/09/142, p. 1. 9. Commission of the European Communities, ‘Secure, Sustainable and Competitive’ (note 7). 10. ‘Commission to Outline New Energy Action Plan’, EurActiv, 6 April 2010, p. 1. 11. With the notable exception of the Special Issue edited by D. Averre, ‘The EU, Russia and the Shared Neighbourhood: Security, Governance and Energy’, European Security 19/4 (2010) pp. 531–534, as well as the studies by S. Wood, ‘Europe's Energy Politics’, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 18/3 (2010) pp. 307–322; S. C. Park and D. Eissel ‘Alternative Energy Policies in Germany with Particular Reference to Solar Energy’, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 18/3 (2010) pp. 323–339; and M. Neuman, ‘EU-Russian Energy Relations after the 2004/2007 EU Enlargement: An EU Perspective’, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 18/3 (2010) pp. 341–360. 12. See e.g. S. Padgett, ‘The Single European Market: The Politics of Realization’, Journal of Common Market Studies, 30/1 (1992) pp. 53–76; F. Aschea, P. Osmundsen, R. Tveterås, ‘European Market Integration for Gas? Volume Flexibility and Political Risk’, Energy Economics 24/3 (2002) pp. 249–265; J. P. Stern, ‘Security of European Natural Gas Supplies: The Impact of Import Dependence and Liberalization’, Royal Institute of Internal Affairs Sustainable Development Programme (London 2002). 13. A. F. Correlje and C. van der Linde, ‘Energy Supply Security and Geopolitics: A European Perspective’, Energy Policy, 34/5 (2005) p. 532. 14. With the exception of the recent work on EU-Russia energy relations. See for example: S. J. Lussac, ‘Ensuring European Energy Security in Russian ‘Near Abroad’: The Case of the South Caucasus’, European Security 19/4 (2010) pp. 607–625; D. Bozhilova and T. Hashimoto, ‘EU-Russia Energy Negotiations: A Choice Between Rational Self-interest and Collective Action’, European Security 19/4 (2010) pp. 627–642; O. Pardo Sierra, ‘A Corridor through Thorns: EU Energy Security and the Southern Energy Corridor’, European Security 19/4 (2010) pp. 643–660; N. Kaveshnikov ‘The Issue of Energy Security in Relations between Russia and the European Union’, European Security 19/4 (2010) pp. 585–605. 15. See e.g. G. Bahgat, ‘Europe's Energy Security. Challenges and Opportunities’, International Affairs 82/5 (2006) pp. 961–976; V. Constantini, F. Gracceva, A. Markandya and G. Vicini, ‘Security of Energy Supply: Comparing Scenarios from a European Perspective’, Energy Policy 35/1 (2007) pp. 210–226; D. Yergin, ‘Ensuring Energy Security’, Foreign Affairs 85/2 (March/April 2006) pp. 69–75. 16. For a study on this topic see M. Natorski and A. Herranz Surrallés, ‘Securitisation Moves to Nowhere? The Framing of the European Union's Energy Policy’, Journal of Contemporary European Research 4/2 (June 2008).