Abstract
Glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy provides a practical model for grouping and classifying complex geological data to aid interpretation of past climatic and environmental development in Quaternary successions. The principles of glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy are applied here to summarise the complex glacial geological framework of Hvideklint on the island of Møn, south-east Denmark. The framework of the superimposed deformed Hvideklint is presented in a reconstructed geological cross-section of Hvideklint. For the construction of the architecture of the glaciotectonic complex, the interpretation of structures below sea level was based on a detailed new survey of the cliff section combined with construction of successive approximation balanced cross-sections. The new description is supported by drill hole data from the Jupiter database. Where chalk is not glaciotectonically deformed, the constructed depth to the top-chalk-surface is generally located about 30 m below sea level. In Hvideklint, thrust sheets with chalk are exposed 20 m above sea level, and the balanced cross-section constructions indicate that the décollement surface for a Hvideklint glaciotectonic complex is located about 80 m below sea level. Between the décollement level and the top of the complex, two or more thrust-fault flat-levels and connecting ramps add to the complex architecture of Hvideklint.
Highlights
The Danish land surface is comprised of a complex sequence of deformed glacial deposits
Based on an ArcGIS construction of the well data from Møn (Jupiter database, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland HK (GEUS)), the surface of the top of the chalk occurs mainly at 20–30 m b.s.l., except where it is elevated above sea level in the glaciotectonic complexes (Fig. 1)
Application of the glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy allows a systematic reconstruction of the glaciotectonic events that deformed the glacial successions at Hvideklint
Summary
The Danish land surface is comprised of a complex sequence of deformed glacial deposits. The principles of glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy provide a practical model for grouping and classifying such complex geological data to aid interpretation of past climatic and environmental development in Quaternary successions. We apply the principles of glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy to summarise the complex glacial geological framework of Hvideklint on the island of Møn, south-east Denmark (Fig. 1) and present a new geological cross-section of Hvideklint (Fig. 2). A dynamic model is required to construct a geological framework and explain the relationship between interpreted deposits and their boundaries. Sequence stratigraphy is an established model for describing complex sedimentary systems. It explains the stacking patterns and origins of sedimentary successions driven by changing sea levels. Glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy establishes a model for glacial sediments and their relationship to glacial tectonics (Pedersen 2012). The glaciotectonic unconformity truncates the thrust and fold structures, above which a glacitectonite may develop by shearing along the base of the ice in the so-called deformational layer (Pedersen 2012)
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