Abstract
The genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae) is native to Central, South-Central, and Eastern Asia. It comprises 44 species, which have been commonly used as herbal medicines for the treatments of various ailments for thousands of years, especially in Asian countries. This review aims to summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of species from the genus Lagochilus to unveil opportunities for future research. In addition, we provide some information about their traditional uses, botany, and diversity. More than 150 secondary metabolites have been reported from Lagochilus, including diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, iridoid glycosides, lignans, steroids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, volatile, non-volatile and aromatic compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and other secondary metabolites. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on the crude extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from Lagochilus species showed hemostatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, antispasmodic, hypotensive, sedative, psychoactive, and other activities.
Highlights
Terrestrial plants have been used for centuries as an endless well for supplying many medicinally important secondary metabolites that are used effectively in curing various ailments
About 94 references covering the isolation of phytoconstituents, as well as the diversity, traditional uses, and biological properties of the Lagochilus genus species from 1954 to 2020, were chosen unbiased to be reviewed in the work
The results indicated that the components of L. ilicifolius, L. cabulicus, L. acutilobus, L. gypsaceus, L. inebrians, L. olgae, L. proskorjakovii, L. setulosus, L. vvedenskyi had weak antibacterial effects on human pathogens (Table 8)
Summary
Terrestrial plants have been used for centuries as an endless well for supplying many medicinally important secondary metabolites that are used effectively in curing various ailments They are considered as the milestone of all the traditional medicinal systems used throughout the whole world since antiquity. Members from the Lamiaceae are important ornamental, medicinal, and aromatic plants and have been used as traditional herbal medicines for thousands of years [1]. They are used as culinary herbs, spices, and vegetables and as ingredients in cosmetics, hygienic products, and perfumes [2]
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