THE GENOTYPES OF MODERN MYRONIVSKY VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT FOR Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1 GENES AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TO PHOTOPERIOD

Abstract

Problem. The system of photoperiodic response genes Ppd-1 affects the speed of winter wheat growth. Dominant alleles (a) of Ppd genes reduce the sensitivity to daylength and shorten the time period before heading, while genotypes with recessive alleles (b) have a strong response to photoperiod. Іnformation about the alleles of the photoperiod genes is important for obtaining new breeding material and reliable characteristics of the genotypes of modern Ukrainian varieties which can be used as parental forms. The aim of the work was to determine alleles of genes Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1 for modern Myronivsky varieties of winter wheat using molecular markers and to compare the genotypes of Ppd-1 genes with the sensitivity of varieties to photoperiod. Methods. We used methods of allele-specific PCR with primers to Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1 genes. Results. Alleles of genes Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1 and sensitivity to photoperiod for modern Myronivsky varieties of winter wheat have been detected. Conclusion. Varieties have been differentiated into three groups, with different genotypes according to the system of genes Ppd-1 – group I – genotype Ppd-A1a/ Ppd-B1b/ Ppd-D1a, group II – genotype Ppd-А1b/ Ppd-B1b/ Ppd-D1a, group III – genotype Ppd-А1b/Ppd-B1b/ Ppd-D1b – and the dependence of the sensitivity to reduction of daylight according to genotype has been shown for these groups. Also, within the group of varieties with alleles Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a and Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1b variation in time of heading was observed.