Abstract
Fusarium avenaceum is a fungus commonly isolated from soil and associated with a wide range of host plants. We present here three genome sequences of F. avenaceum, one isolated from barley in Finland and two from spring and winter wheat in Canada. The sizes of the three genomes range from 41.6–43.1 MB, with 13217–13445 predicted protein-coding genes. Whole-genome analysis showed that the three genomes are highly syntenic, and share>95% gene orthologs. Comparative analysis to other sequenced Fusaria shows that F. avenaceum has a very large potential for producing secondary metabolites, with between 75 and 80 key enzymes belonging to the polyketide, non-ribosomal peptide, terpene, alkaloid and indole-diterpene synthase classes. In addition to known metabolites from F. avenaceum, fuscofusarin and JM-47 were detected for the first time in this species. Many protein families are expanded in F. avenaceum, such as transcription factors, and proteins involved in redox reactions and signal transduction, suggesting evolutionary adaptation to a diverse and cosmopolitan ecology. We found that 20% of all predicted proteins were considered to be secreted, supporting a life in the extracellular space during interaction with plant hosts.
Highlights
IntroductionUbiquitous genus of ascomycetous fungi that includes many important plant pathogens, as well as saprophytes and endophytes
Fusarium is a large, ubiquitous genus of ascomycetous fungi that includes many important plant pathogens, as well as saprophytes and endophytes
Of the 454 pyrosequencing based genomic sequence data from Fa05001 resulted in a total genome size of 41.6 Mb, while assembly of the Illumina HiSeq data for FaLH03 and FaLH27 resulted in genome sizes of 42.7 Mb and 43.1 Mb, respectively
Summary
Ubiquitous genus of ascomycetous fungi that includes many important plant pathogens, as well as saprophytes and endophytes. Fusarium avenaceum is a cosmopolitan plant pathogen with a wide and diverse host range and is reported to be responsible for disease on. genera of plants [1]. It is wellknown for causing ear blight and root rot of cereals, blights of plant species within genera as diverse as Pinus and Eustoma [2], as well as post-harvest storage rot of numerous crops, including potato [3], broccoli [4], apple [5] and rutabaga [6]. One example of this is the report of F. avenaceum isolates from Eustroma sp. (aka Lisianthus) being phylogenetically similar to isolates from diverse geographical localities or which have been isolated from other hosts [11]
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