Abstract
BackgroundPhycodnaviruses are widespread algae-infecting large dsDNA viruses and presently contain six genera: Chlorovirus, Prasinovirus, Prymnesiovirus, Phaeovirus, Coccolithovirus and Raphidovirus. The members in Prasinovirus are identified as marine viruses due to their marine algal hosts, while prasinovirus freshwater relatives remain rarely reported.ResultsHere we present the complete genomic sequence of a novel phycodnavirus, Dishui Lake Phycodnavirus 1 (DSLPV1), which was assembled from Dishui Lake metagenomic datasets. DSLPV1 harbors a linear genome of 181,035 bp in length (G + C content: 52.7%), with 227 predicted genes and 2 tRNA encoding regions. Both comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses indicate that the freshwater algal virus DSLPV1 is closely related to the members in Prasinovirus, a group of marine algae infecting viruses. In addition, a complete eukaryotic histone H3 variant was identified in the genome of DSLPV1, which is firstly detected in phycodnaviruses and contributes to understand the interaction between algal virus and its eukaryotic hosts.ConclusionIt is in a freshwater ecosystem that a novel Prasinovirus-related viral complete genomic sequence is discovered, which sheds new light on the evolution and diversity of the algae infecting Phycodnaviridae.
Highlights
Phycodnaviruses are widespread algae-infecting large Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses and presently contain six genera: Chlorovirus, Prasinovirus, Prymnesiovirus, Phaeovirus, Coccolithovirus and Raphidovirus
General organization of the Dishui Lake Phycodnavirus 1 (DSLPV1) genome After the reference assembly, more than 8000 reads were eventually mapped to the consensus sequence with a high coverage across the whole genome (Additional file 1: Figure S1), which indicated the accuracy of sequence assembly
The obtained genomic sequence with a size of 181,035 bp was named that of Dishui Lake Phycodnavirus 1 (DSLPV1)
Summary
Phycodnaviruses are widespread algae-infecting large dsDNA viruses and presently contain six genera: Chlorovirus, Prasinovirus, Prymnesiovirus, Phaeovirus, Coccolithovirus and Raphidovirus. The phycodnaviruses comprise genetically diverse, morphologically similar, large icosahedral (100 ~ 200 nm), and double strand DNA (180 ~ 560 kbp) viruses that infect eukaryotic algae from both fresh and marine waters, and presently contain six genera: Chlorovirus, Prasinovirus, Prymnesiovirus, Phaeovirus, Coccolithovirus and Raphidovirus [1]. The hosts of phycodnaviruses are abundant and widespread in the natural environments, while almost all phycodnaviruses, including members of the Coccolithovirus, Phaeovirus, Prasinovirus, Prymnesiovirus and Raphidovirus genera, infect marine algae except for chloroviruses (Chlorovirus) that target freshwater algae [7, 8]. The members of Prasinovirus are the most studied among these marine algae-infecting viruses because the hosts of prasinoviruses are worldwide distributed and play a central role in the oceanic carbon cycle [9]. The Ostreococcus virus OtV5 (Ostreococcus tauri virus 5), possessing 186,234 bp long linear genome, was isolated from the green alga O. tauri [12], and the Micromonas virus MpV1
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