Abstract
As an application of the grand unified theory (GUT) to medicine, this paper introduces two natural nanomaterials—the gene and electromagnetic wave. They are involved in the proposed treatment of genetic and infectious diseases. It introduces the superstring as the fundamental building block of matter and the basic constituent of dark matter, one of the two fundamental states of matter. It also introduces the primum, unit of visible or ordinary matter, the other fundamental state of matter. They are convertible to each other by the action of basic cosmic or electromagnetic waves. Eleven biological laws define biology as a biological and physical theory. The gene is the primitive ingredient of living things and, therefore, the beginning of biological life and the virus the simplest living thing. Treatment ranges from genetic modification and alteration to remove undesirable symptom through genetic sterilization to stop the spread of the disease and outright destruction of the disease. Genetic sterilization and outright destruction apply also to infectious diseases. The paper concludes with a blueprint for research and development of appropriate technologies for the treatment.
Highlights
Recent Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) are aiming at better performance of nuclear plants by increasing the fuel cycle length as high burn-up leads to better utilization of fuel as well as generation of higher revenues [1]
We have introduced a flow rate perturbation taking PWR operating at full power and the activated products has reached to their saturation values
The saturation values in the second operating cycle are about 14% higher as compared with the values in the first cycle. These results indicate that flow rate perturbations substantially affect the balance of corrosion product activity (CPA) in PWRs and their effects propagate in operating cycles
Summary
Recent Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) are aiming at better performance of nuclear plants by increasing the fuel cycle length as high burn-up leads to better utilization of fuel as well as generation of higher revenues [1]. Recent studies indicate that enriched boric acid (EBA) decreases the requirement of high concentrations and the high value of pH (~7.4) can be done with 2.2 ppm of lithium It does not introduce the corrosion cracking problems in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) [2] [3] [4]. Several studies have been carried out on coolant activation in nuclear reactors with focus on the flow rate & power transients. The time dependent corrosion product activity calculations were performed after modifying CPAIR-P code for PWRs with long-term operating cycles using coolant chemistry parameters [11]. In this work we focus on time dependent behavior for CPA in primary circuits of PWRs with extended cycles having flow rate transients and necessary changes were made in CPAIR-P code for nonlinear corrosion rates and pH values. For two extended operating cycles the CPA is estimated in the presence of both nonlinear corrosion rates and changes in pH values under flow rate transients
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