Abstract
Abstract The difference in earnings between women and men can be decomposed analytically into three elements: that which arises from different personal characteristics (e.g. levels of qualification, work experience, preferences), that which arises from variations in employment (e.g. type of job, firm, industry), and a residual element of discrimination, which means that women are paid less than men even after all other supply and demand factors have been controlled for. In this chapter, all three elements are examined in a modified earnings function analysis.
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