The gender-related peculiarities of the effects of telmisartan-based combined antihypertensive therapy on the dynamics of 24-hours profile of blood pressure

Abstract

Objective — to evaluate the gender-related peculiarities of the effects of telmisartan-based combined antihypertensive therapy on the dynamics of 24-hours profile of blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension depending on gender.Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients with arterial hypertension (AH), who received antihypertensive therapy and had uncontrolled arterial pressure as per the results of 24-hours ambulatory BP monitoring (DABPM). Among them were 23 men, average age (60.1 ± 2.7) years and 27 women, average age (64.4 ± 2.2) years. DABPM was performed to all patients before treatment and after 12 weeks of therapy. Prior to the study enrolment, all patients received combined antihypertensive therapy. After DABPM completion, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker used before enrolment was replaced by telmisartan in a dose of 40 — 80 mg.Results. It has been established that the average daily level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) after 12 weeks of therapy decreased significantly in men by 4.4 mm Hg and in women by 6.3 mm Hg. The average daily level of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased in men by 7.1 mm Hg, in women — by 6.7 mm Hg. A decrease in the maximum SBP in the morning by 22.8 mm Hg in men and 23.4 mm Hg in women was determined. The maximal DBP in the morning decreased in men by 14.9 mm Hg, in women — by 19.1 mm Hg. The morning SBP index in men decreased by 41.5 %, in women — by 41.8 %, the morning DBP index — by 44.0 % and 33.7 %, respectively.Conclusions. After 12 weeks of telmisartan therapy, there was a significant decrease in mean daily SBP and DBP in men and women. Significant decrease in SBP and DBP in the active period was determined only in men, and decrease in SBP and DBP in the passive period was more pronounced in women. The positive effects of telmisartan therapy have been revealed in both men and women in terms of significant reduction of the maximal morning SBP and DBP, more than 40 % decrease of the morning SBP and DBP indices and the value of the morning SBP and DBP rise.