Abstract
Abstract Though urbanization promotes development, the gender gap is being perceived in many socio-economic aspects, in the Indian urban economic scenario. With a 31.16% urban population (in 2011), India has experienced a lopsided development of its urban hierarchy in favour of metropolitan growth which accommodates 42.31% of the total urban population. For various socioeconomic reasons it has a declining female economic participation rate. Sehore M.C. (Madhya Pradesh), an upcoming Class I city, located near the metropolitan cities of Bhopal and Indore, is showing perceptible changes in female work participation, indicating a potential for development in Sehore M.C. along with other smaller cities in Madhya Pradesh. Based on the methodology for the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI, WEF 2018), the ward wise figures for Sehore M.C. for the partly adopted subindices of Survival, Social, and Economic Participation were calculated using local area indicators from standard international and national agencies to bring out the inter-ward variations in gender gap for Sehore M.C.. Spatial mapping of GGI showed that approximately 91% of wards belonged to the high category but 9% of wards were from the medium category. Suggestions for the promotion of gender parity in the city are made for the overall empowerment of females in Sehore M.C. within the constraints of an urban economic scenario.
Highlights
Though gender difference is equated with sexratio, giving an estimation of survival of females in relation to males, the deplorable socio-economic conditions in developing countries, impact upon the economic performance and social standing of females in comparison to males even in urban areas
Based on the methodology for the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI, WEF 2018), the ward wise figures for Sehore M.C. for the partly adopted subindices of Survival, Social, and Economic Participation were calculated using local area indicators from standard international and national agencies to bring out the inter-ward variations in gender gap for Sehore M.C
Gender disparities have been addressed at many international platforms including United Nations Development Programme (UNDP, 1995), SOCIAL WATCH (2008) and World Economic Forum (WEF, 2006) which form the basis of the Global Gender Gap Report (GGGR) measures for gender disparities in the domains of health and economic and political participation across the globe
Summary
Though gender difference is equated with sexratio, giving an estimation of survival of females in relation to males, the deplorable socio-economic conditions in developing countries, impact upon the economic performance and social standing of females in comparison to males even in urban areas. Aims and objectives based violence in public spaces and disproportionate domestic responsibilities In this context, it is Sehore M.C. is an upcoming urbanized society important to highlight that Urban 20 has pointed in which the characteristics of the gender gap index to the fact that national and local governments are reflected in the urban sphere of influence of share the responsibility of reducing the gender two metropolitan cities, Bhopal and Indore, and gap locally. Methodology: The methodology was based on the calculation of Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI) as proposed by the World Economic Forum (WEF, 2006) for quantifying the magnitude of gender based disparities using the four subindices of Economic Participation and Opportunity, Education Attainment, Health and Survival and Political. The basis for the study was GGGR (WEF, 2018) but some indicators pertinent to gender studies specific to an Indian urbanization scenario for an upcoming small city were included like WHO (2017), UNFPA (2009), UNDP (2005), etc. (Table 1)
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