Abstract
Background Cibotium barometz is a medical herb used traditionally in the Malaysian peninsula for several ailments, including gastric ulcer. The aim of this study was assessment the anti-ulcer effects of C. barometz hair on ethanol-induced stomach hemorrhagic abrasions in animals. Seven groups of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were administered 10% Tween 20 in the normal control and ulcer control groups, and omeprazole 20 mg/kg and 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of C. barometz hair extract in the experimental groups. After 60 min, the normal control group of rats was orally administered 10% Tween 20, while absolute ethanol was orally administered to the groups of ulcer control, omeprazole and experimental groups. Stomachs of the rats were examined macroscopically and histologically. Homogenates of stomachs were used to evaluate endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities.ResultsRats pre-fed with plant extract presented a significant decrease in the sore area, increased pH of gastric contents and preserved stomach wall mucus compared to the ulcer group. Histologically, rats pre-fed with C. barometz hair extract showed mild to moderate disruptions of the surface epithelium while animals pre-fed with absolute ethanol showed severe disruptions of the stomach epithelium with edema and leucocyte penetration of the submucosal layer. A Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining revealed that each rat pre-treated with the plant extract displayed an intense uptake of stomach epithelial glycoprotein magenta color compared to the ulcer control group. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that rats pre-fed with the plant extract showed an up-regulation of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and down-regulation of Bax proteins compared to ulcer control rats. Homogenates of the stomach tissue demonstrated significant increases in the endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activity and decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA) in rats pre-treated with C. barometz hair extract compared with the ulcer control rats. In acute toxicity, the liver and kidney revealed no hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic effects histologically.ConclusionsThe gastric cytoprotective action of C. barometz hair extract might be attributed to antioxidants, an increase in gastric pH, stomach mucus preservation, increased endogenous antioxidant enzymes, decreased lipid peroxidation, up-regulation of HSP70 and down-regulation of Bax proteins.
Highlights
Cibotium barometz is a medical herb used traditionally in the Malaysian peninsula for several ailments, including gastric ulcer
Antiulcer study Gross estimations The results that pre-treated with C. barometz hair ethanol extract of male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats shown significant reduced of the ulcer area with compared to the ulcer groups (Table 1, Fig. 1) at four different doses in the pre-treated animals groups (62.5 mg\kg, 125 mg\kg, 250 mg\kg, 500 mg\kg) that were induced by ethanol 95%
The significant inhibition percentage of the ulcer area increased in rats pre-treated with C. barometz hair at doses of 62.5 mg\kg, 250 mg\kg, 125 mg\kg, and 500 mg\kg by 68.5%, 74.7%, 75.6%, and 78.5% respectively
Summary
Cibotium barometz is a medical herb used traditionally in the Malaysian peninsula for several ailments, including gastric ulcer. The aim of this study was assessment the anti-ulcer effects of C. barometz hair on ethanol-induced stomach hemorrhagic abrasions in animals. Seven groups of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were administered 10% Tween 20 in the normal control and ulcer control groups, and omeprazole 20 mg/kg and 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of C. barometz hair extract in the experimental groups. After 60 min, the normal control group of rats was orally administered 10% Tween 20, while absolute ethanol was orally administered to the groups of ulcer control, omeprazole and experimental groups. The destructive factors include stomach hydrochloric acid (HCl), mucosal hypoperfusion, free oxygen radicals, ethanol, Helicobacter pylori and excessive ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that promote the gastric mucosal injury and contribute to gastric ulceration [3]. Medicinal plants are promising alternative medications for the development of new drugs to control gastrointestinal diseases, which has been reviewed extensively in the literature [2, 6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
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