Abstract
It is noted that the urban environment is polluted by oil products; in particular, there is a large pollution of atmospheric air. It is indicated that one of the pollution sources is the “small” spills, which are characteristic of urban areas. Experimental studies have been carried out on the gasoline distribution in atmospheric air at “small” spills. A single experiment at a low wind speed is considered. Data were obtained on the dependence of gasoline concentration in atmospheric air on the distance from the spill, the height above the level of the spill and the time of the spill. The component composition was studied using chromatographic studies. It is indicated that the distribution of gasoline vapors in the atmosphere is influenced by the ambient temperature, wind speed, surface area of the spill, time from the moment of spilling and the distance above the level of the spill. The gasoline dispersion in atmospheric air was calculated with the software using experimental and calculated data on the surface area of the spill. It is indicated that at low wind speeds (up to 0.5 m/s) from “small” spills of gasoline (up to 3 liters), significant excesses of standards for the content of harmful substances in the atmospheric air can be observed. It was determined that during spilling there is an excess of maximum permissible concentrations of single, hazardous substances such as ethyl benzene, m-xylene and amyl alcohol in the air.
Highlights
The urban environment is characterized by a high density of objects, both stationary and non-stationary where petroleum products are handled [1, 2, 3], as a result environmental pollution inevitably occurs
It would seem that it can be assumed that the contribution of a single "small" spill of gasoline is insignificant, given the relatively small distances from the spill, at which the concentration of gasoline in atmospheric air is higher than the maximum permissible concentration
It should be noted that the modern urban environment is characterized by the presence of a huge number of parking lots, which are located in the immediate vicinity of apartment buildings, and, as a rule, one parking lot falls on one residential building
Summary
The urban environment is characterized by a high density of objects, both stationary and non-stationary where petroleum products are handled [1, 2, 3], as a result environmental pollution inevitably occurs. At a height of 1.5 m above the spill 3 minutes after the spilling at a distance from the place of spilling equal to 0 m, the concentration of gasoline in atmospheric air was 7 mg / m3, which significantly exceeds the maximum permissible concentration of single gasoline.
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