Abstract
Climate change, population growth, the development of industrialization and urbanization are increasing the demand for water resources, but the water pollution is reducing the limited water supply. In recent years, the gap between water supply and demand which shows water scarcity situation is becoming more serious. Clear knowing this gap and its main driving factors could help us to put forward water protection measures correctly. We take the data of Huaihe River Basin from 2001 to 2016 as an example and use ecological water footprint to describe the demand, with the water carrying capacity representing the supply. We analyze the water supply-demand situation of Huaihe River Basin and its five provinces from footprint view in time and space. Then we apply the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model to analyze the driving factors of the ecological water footprint. The results show that: (1) the supply and demand balance of Huaihe River Basin was only achieved in year 2003 and 2005. There is also a large difference between Jiangsu province and other provinces in Huaihe River basin, most years in Jiangsu province per capital ecological footprint of water is more than 1 hm2/person except the years of 2003, 2015, and 2016. But other provinces are all less than 1 hm2/person. (2) Through the decomposition of water demand drivers, we concluded that economic development is the most important factor, with an annual contribution of more than 60%. Our study provides countermeasures and suggestions for the management and optimal allocation of water resources in Huaihe River Basin, and also provides reference for the formulation of water-saving policies in the world.
Highlights
Water is the foundation of natural resources and an essential foundation of sustainable social development
Ecological Footprint of Water (EFW) and Ecological Carrying Capacity of Water (ECCW) are the key indexes to judge the balance of water resources supply- demand from the footprint view
We suggest that the proportion of agricultural water in Huaihe River Basin is more than 70% every year, and the proportion of farmland irrigation water is more than 90%. all regions in the Huaihe River Basin should develop the planting scale of agricultural products with low water consumption and high economic benefits reasonably, promote the upgrading of farmland water conservancy facilities and popularize the use of efficient and intelligent water-saving irrigation technology
Summary
Water is the foundation of natural resources and an essential foundation of sustainable social development. Fresh water resources only account for 2.5% of the total water resources. (Min An) received the award, her website URL is: http://jg. (Min An) received the award, her website URL is: http:// jg.ctgu.edu.cn/info/1039/3220.htm, the funder play a role in study design and prepare for manuscript. China Water Resources Huai River Planning, Design & Research CO.LTD had no fund and no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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