Abstract
This paper aims to explore and describe the way in which start-up firms are grouped into industries. To this end, a quantitative research approach is presented, applying a social network analysis to a sample of Pacific Alliance start-ups, which were recorded in CrunchBase, considering their operational activities as linkage criteria. In this way, this document offers a new application to social network analysis to demonstrate the need for a different way of classifying start-ups that goes beyond the industry boundaries established by the traditional classification systems. It also shows that Pacific Alliance start-up industries are structured according to a pattern of dominant activity, applied technology and specific use. In addition, there is a concentration on mature or declining start-up industries, while growing industries are left in second order.
Highlights
The Pacific Alliance was created by Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru as a mechanism for political, economic, cooperation and integration articulation with the aim of promoting growth and competitiveness in their economies (Alianza del Pacífico, 2016)
The Pacific Alliance countries with different levels of intensity and implementation mechanisms promote initiatives to foster the development of these ventures; and there are no theoretical references on the integration of entrepreneurial ecosystems, there may be integration spaces that generate opportunities of scale and heterogeneity for the startups of the alliance (Kantis, Federico, & Magendzo, 2016)
Sixteen startup industries have been identified. These present a pattern in their structure: (i) a dominant category, which has a higher degree of centrality, a larger ego size and participates in most 3-node cliques that are formed in the network. (ii) The categories of the technologies used to generate products in this startup industry. (iii) The categories of uses, which correspond to the applications that the products generated in this industry could have
Summary
The Pacific Alliance was created by Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru as a mechanism for political, economic, cooperation and integration articulation with the aim of promoting growth and competitiveness in their economies (Alianza del Pacífico, 2016). These countries have in common that they have been the fastest growing economies in Latin America, they have linguistic, cultural and political similarities that could facilitate a joint development (PwC, 2016). To identify in a specific way the opportunities and challenges of these ventures requires a clear definition of the boundaries of the industry in which they compete (Porter, 2009). This will allow for consistent and comparable information for decision making (Phillips & Ormsby, 2016)
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