The future of haemagglutinin stalk-based universal influenza vaccines

Abstract

The development of next-generation influenza vaccines with increased breadth and duration of protection is among one of the objectives in WHO's Global Influenza Strategy for 2019–2030, which calls for the development of improved global tools by 2030 to benefit all countries and to instil public confidence and vaccine uptake.1 Over the past two decades, more than 100 universal influenza vaccine prototypes have been proposed; however, only few have progressed beyond animal studies, and even fewer results have been made publicly available.