The Functions and Therapeutic Potential of Heat Shock Proteins in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-An Update.

Abdullah Hoter,Hassan Y Naim

doi:10.3390/ijms20215331

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial human intestinal disease that arises from numerous, yet incompletely defined, factors. Two main forms, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), lead to a chronic pathological form. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress-responsive molecules involved in various pathophysiological processes. Several lines of evidence link the expression of HSPs to the development and prognosis of IBD. HSP90, HSP70 and HSP60 have been reported to contribute to IBD in different aspects. Moreover, induction and/or targeted inhibition of specific HSPs have been suggested to ameliorate the disease consequences. In the present review, we shed the light on the role of HSPs in IBD and their targeting to prevent further disease progression.

Highlights

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that implies dysregulated intestinal homeostasis
IBD falls into two major types: Crohn’s disease (CD), which can impact any part of the gastrointestinal tract, and ulcerative colitis (UC), which displays restricted pathology to the colon [1]
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are involved in intestinal homeostasis and pathophysiology

Summary

Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that implies dysregulated intestinal homeostasis. It is believed that a complex interplay between these factors and host innate immunity can initiate the disease [1,3] In accordance with these observations, our group has recently revealed that pro-inflammatory mediators including TNFα, MCP1 and IL-1β, whose levels are frequently elevated in IBD, can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and alter the function and trafficking of key proteins of the intestinal brush border membranes [4]. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved, stress-induced molecules that are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells These proteins are classically categorized according to their molecular mass into six major families whose members range from 10 to 170 kDa [6,7]. REVIEW[24], myasthenia gravis [25] and IBD [26,27]

Factors inducing

Heat Shock Proteins in IBD

Small HSPs

Involvement of HSPs in the Progression of IBD to Cancer

Conclusions and Perspectives