Abstract
Theta phase-gamma amplitude coupling (TGC) plays an important role in several different cognitive processes. Although spontaneous brain activity at the resting state is crucial in preparing for cognitive performance, the functional role of resting-state TGC remains unclear. To investigate the role of resting-state TGC, electroencephalogram recordings were obtained for 56 healthy volunteers while they were in the resting state, with their eyes closed, and then when they were engaged in a retention interval period in the visual memory task. The TGCs of the two different conditions were calculated and compared. The results indicated that the modulation index of TGC during the retention interval of the visual working memory (VWM) task was not higher than that during the resting state; however, the topographical distribution of TGC during the resting state was negatively correlated with TGC during VWM task at the local level. The topographical distribution of TGC during the resting state was negatively correlated with TGC coordinates’ engagement of brain areas in local and large-scale networks and during task performance at the local level. These findings support the view that TGC reflects information-processing and signal interaction across distant brain areas. These results demonstrate that TGC could explain the efficiency of competing brain networks.
Highlights
Theta and gamma power were significantly higher in the frontal areas during the retention interval period of the visual working memory (VWM) task compared to the resting state, lending support to our first hypothesis as described earlier in (a) this paper
We found that absolute gamma power measured by the occipital electrodes in healthy volunteers during the retention interval period of the VWM task was strongly correlated with WURS scores
Our results provide evidence that Theta phase-gamma amplitude coupling (TGC) may constitute a mechanism for neuronal communication between distant brain regions and frequencies during working memory (WM) maintenance and during resting-state
Summary
Clinical electroencephalography (EEG)—one of several methods of data acquisition from the human brain—was introduced by Hans Berger, a German psychiatrist, in the. Scalp EEG is a noninvasive method of detecting and registering electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp that record changes in the electric potential (neuronal oscillations) on the skin surface, resulting from the activity of cerebral neurons, and after their amplification they are recorded [1]. Neural activity is known to oscillate within the following discrete frequency bands: delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz), and gamma (30–50 Hz) [4]. Distinct mechanisms may generate neural oscillations in different frequency bands that are associated with a diverse range of cognitive functions [5,6]
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