Abstract
Inositol signaling is believed to play a crucial role in various aspects of plant growth and adaptation. As an important component in biosynthesis and degradation of myo-inositol and its derivatives, inositol phosphatases could hydrolyze the phosphate of the inositol ring, thus affecting inositol signaling. Until now, more than 30 members of inositol phosphatases have been identified in plants, which are classified intofive families, including inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases (5PTases), suppressor of actin (SAC) phosphatases, SAL1 phosphatases, inositol monophosphatase (IMP), and phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)-related phosphatases. The current knowledge was revised here in relation to their substrates and function in response to abiotic stress. The potential mechanisms were also concluded with the focus on their activities of inositol phosphatases. The general working model might be that inositol phosphatases would degrade the Ins(1,4,5)P3 or phosphoinositides, subsequently resulting in altering Ca2+ release, abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, vesicle trafficking or other cellular processes.
Highlights
Myo-inositol (Inositol, Ins) and its derivative metabolites are ubiquitous in all eukaryotes as both lipids and soluble compounds playing important roles in stress responses, development, and many other processes [1,2]
When plants suffer abiotic stress from the environment, a membrane receptor would accept the stimulus and the membrane-associated phosphoinositides would pass the cellular message by producing second messages, lipid-bound DAG, and soluble IP3
This article focused on the knowledge about inositol phosphatases, which are considered to be more important in the degradation pathway of IP3 signaling, and their function in plant responses to abiotic stress
Summary
Myo-inositol (Inositol, Ins) and its derivative metabolites are ubiquitous in all eukaryotes as both lipids and soluble compounds playing important roles in stress responses, development, and many other processes [1,2]. Some of them are vital in various signal transduction in plants, especially inositol(1,4,5)triphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) and phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) [3,4,5,6,7] They pass the cellular messages via addition or removal of lipids or phosphates to Ins and its derivatives, which could be mediated by synthases, kinases, phospholipases, and phosphatases [8,9]. Those related enzymes are crucial in the regulation of these signaling pathways. We focus on these phosphatases and their function in abiotic tolerance
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