Abstract
The fumonisins are a series of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium moniliforme, a ubiquitous contaminant of stored corn (maize) worldwide. Consumption of food products contaminated with F. moniliforme hasbeen correlated with increased risk of human esophageal cancer in epidemiological studies in southern Africa and China. The most abundant component, fumonisin B1 (FB1), was isolated from F. moniliforme culture extracts using a short-term tumor promoter bioassay to guide the fractionation. Purified FB1 has been confirmed to act as a tumor promoter in animal model systems; to cause hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and proximal tubule nephrosis in rats; and to mediate agriculturally significant diseases associated withconsumption of F. moniliforme-contaminated feeds, including equine leukoencephalomalacia and porcine pulmonary edema. However, studies on the toxicokinetics of radiolabeled and unlabeled FB1 carried out by three research groups in five animal species all indicate that it is absorbed very poorly ...
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