The Full Application of Motion Study

Abstract

The paper outlines the full scope of the application of motion study to an industrial organization. The successful use of motion study is not confined to any one industry: it has been applied in recent years to an increasingly large number of different industries. There are great advantages to be gained from making detailed investigations into single specific problems, using all the detailed motion study techniques; but there is also a need for training large numbers of supervisors, technical specialists, and even operators to use simplified techniques in their daily work, so as to make numerous small improvements over a wide field. The first type of application gives high percentage savings over a small area of work, and the second, low percentage savings over a large area of work. The best and most profitable results are obtained by combining the two types of application, the fully trained motion study investigator dividing his time between making major investigations and teaching and supervising others in the use of simplified techniques. Of the detailed techniques, micromotion study, process charting, and the study of the path of movement, the latter is the least well known. Although Gilbreth originated the chronocyclegraph it has been neglected since his time, but recent work has shown its value, and it is now taking its place as an essential technique. It is the only technique that can put on to paper the subtle difference between a good and a bad movement. It is, therefore, of great value in teaching students of motion study to discriminate between one type of movement and another and to see the path of a movement as it is made. In its broader applications, motion study can be used in some way by everyone in an organization. It is most effective where it is applied as team work, each man playing the part that best suits him and that best fits in with his normal work. In planning the general use of motion study, the programme should begin with a campaign of lectures, exhibitions, and general propaganda to rouse interest. Courses should then be planned for all groups: managers, supervisors, technical specialists, and operators. Since each will apply motion study differently, each will need a different syllabus and different illustrations. There can be no ready-made scheme applicable to all. Courses of training should be followed up by a long-term plan of progress reports, meetings, and supervision, to maintain interest and stimulate individual work.