Abstract
Introduction: Pseudomonads are very important as an opportunistic bacterium among gram-negative bacteria. Class B beta-lactamases such as Verona imipenemase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP) are the most important contributors to the resistance of gram-negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These enzymes were isolated from burn wounds in Zahedan due to extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) activity and high resistance to β-lactamase antibodies (IMP and VIM) in P. aeruginosa isolates. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the frequency of VIM, IMP beta-lactamase genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa isolated from therapeutic centers of Zahedan. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 125 samples of P. aeruginosa from burn wounds were collected from patients who were hospitalized in Zahedan as well as were cultured. Suspected colonies of P. aeruginosa were identified using common biochemical methods. The Kirby Bayer method was used to measure antibiotic susceptibility, and then the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these strains was examined. The genotypes of the β-lactamase genes of IMP and VIM were investigated in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) strains. Results: In this study, 125 isolates of P. aeruginosa were found in 32 isolates (26%) producing ESBL. In general, the resistance of P. aeruginosa to the antibiotics of imipenem, piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and carbenicillin were 88%, 93%, 89%, 98%, 97%, 89%, 84%, 82%, 97%, 91%, 90% and 95%, respectively. According to the PCR test, 32 isolates with ESBL enzymes were 43.75 and 18.75, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBLs and antibiotic resistance in the burn injuries of hospital is high and requires such as antibiotic susceptibility test, rational administration of antibiotics and the control of beneficial factors. The results showed that most of the samples were resistant to the drug and the frequency of blaVIM genes was higher than blaIMP among the strains producing ESBLs.
Highlights
Pseudomonads are very important as an opportunistic bacterium among gram-negative bacteria
Total resistance of P. aeruginosa isolates to the imipenem, piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin, tetracycline and carbenicillin antibiotics were 88%, 93%, 89%, 98%, 97%, 89%, 84%, 82%, 97%, 91%, 90% and 95%, respectively
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results of P. aeruginosa for the antibiotics of imipenem, piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and carbenicillin were reported as numbers in μg/ml and these numbers were compared by the above antibiotics in P. aeruginosa strains with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria (Table 1)
Summary
Pseudomonads are very important as an opportunistic bacterium among gram-negative bacteria. Class B beta-lactamases such as Verona imipenemase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP) are the most important contributors to the resistance of gram-negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These enzymes were isolated from burn wounds in Zahedan due to extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) activity and high resistance to β-lactamase antibodies (IMP and VIM) in P. aeruginosa isolates. Class B beta-lactamases including Verona imipenemase (VIM), imipenemase (IMP) and SPM are major problems in the treatment of infectious diseases due to its effects on a wide range of antibiotics including penicillin, expandedspectrum cephalosporin and carbapenem (exception of monobactams such as aztreonam). Regarding the importance of the beta-lactamases in hospitals, rapid detection and tracing of these strains can be considered as an important step in the treatment and control of infections caused by these strains
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