The Frequency and Typing of Human Papilloma Virus Among Women with Normal and Abnormal Cytology in Southern Khorasan, Eastern Iran

Abstract

Background: Infection by certain types of human papilloma virus (HPV) is known as a causal and essential factor for cervical cancer, the second most common malignancy in women around the world. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and types of HPV among women with normal and abnormal cytology in Southern Khorasan, eastern Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 253 randomized Pap smear samples from women who were referred to gynecologist clinics. Human papillomavirus-DNA testing (a nested PCR with primers MY09/ MY11 and GP5 +/ GP6 +) was performed on Pap smear samples. The first round PCR product was subjected for sequencing to determine the HPV types. Phylogenic analysis with Mega 6 was carried out to determine the relationship between HPV types. Results: The mean age of patients were 34.47 ± 5.38 years; 85.77% with normal cytology, and the rest were with an abnormality; atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LISL). Human papilloma virus-DNA was detected in 18.57% of population (15.66% of normal and 36.11% of abnormal group) with the most prevalent HPV types 6 and 11. The HPV type 84 was identified in a case. Conclusions: The result of this study revealed a partially high prevalence of HPV in women with normal cytology which are high risk for transmission in population. It is suggested that HPV testing should be carried out along with Pap test in screening programs to enhance early detection of neoplasia and intended infections.