Abstract
The French higher education system is characterized by its recent move towards the Bologna process with the autonomy granted to university and the adoption of the 3-5-8 (Bachelor, Master, PhD) architecture, and its enduring dualism between public universities and Grandes Ecoles with heated discussions concerning the efficiency of the system and the existence of possible research synergies between the two parallel systems. Public universities are currently undergoing a vast transformation process with the creation of the COMUE and clusters of competiveness. A SWOT analysis hints at the urgent need for French higher education institutions to adapt to the demands of internationalization and global competition.
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