The Fractional Discrete Predator–Prey Model: Chaos, Control and Synchronization

Abstract

This paper describes a new fractional predator–prey discrete system of the Leslie type. In addition, the non-linear dynamics of the suggested model are examined within the framework of commensurate and non-commensurate orders, using different numerical techniques such as Lyapunov exponent, phase portraits, and bifurcation diagrams. These behaviours imply that the fractional predator–prey discrete system of Leslie type has rich and complex dynamical properties that are influenced by commensurate and incommensurate orders. Moreover, the sample entropy test is carried out to measure the complexity and validate the presence of chaos. Finally, nonlinear controllers are illustrated to stabilize and synchronize the proposed model.