Abstract
The Fourth Major Restriction Factor Against HIV/SIV
Highlights
Viral restriction factor SAMHD1 the Vpx-mediated enhancement of viral replication by counteracting SAMHD1 is important for the survival of primate immunodeficiency viruses in monkey species
While viruses of the HIV-1 group do not encode Vpx, the other HIV-2/SIVs are unable to replicate in cells of the myeloid lineage such as monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) and macrophages (MDMs) in the absence of Vpx (Fujita et al., 2010)
Vpx had been long thought to be critical for the nuclear import of viral DNA in non-dividing cells until we and others have independently and clearly demonstrated that it is essential for the reverse transcription of viral RNA in MDDCs (Goujon et al., 2007) and MDMs (Fujita et al., 2008; Srivastava et al., 2008)
Summary
Viral restriction factor SAMHD1 the Vpx-mediated enhancement of viral replication by counteracting SAMHD1 is important for the survival of primate immunodeficiency viruses in monkey species. Human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV/SIVs) carry a unique set of accessory proteins that enhance virus replication in an optimized manner.
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