Abstract
Network latency will be a critical performance metric for the Fifth Generation (5G) networks expected to be fully rolled out in 2020 through the IMT-2020 project. The multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technology is a key enabler for the 5G massive connectivity criterion, especially from the massive densification perspective. Naturally, it appears that 5G MU-MIMO will face a daunting task to achieve an end-to-end 1 ms ultra-low latency budget if traditional network set-ups criteria are strictly adhered to. Moreover, 5G latency will have added dimensions of scalability and flexibility compared to prior existing deployed technologies. The scalability dimension caters for meeting rapid demand as new applications evolve. While flexibility complements the scalability dimension by investigating novel non-stacked protocol architecture. The goal of this review paper is to deploy ultra-low latency reduction framework for 5G communications considering flexibility and scalability. The Four (4) C framework consisting of cost, complexity, cross-layer and computing is hereby analyzed and discussed. The Four (4) C framework discusses several emerging new technologies of software defined network (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) and fog networking. This review paper will contribute significantly towards the future implementation of flexible and high capacity ultra-low latency 5G communications.
Highlights
Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communications will be driven by three use cases of enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine-type communication and lastly, ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC)
The placement of data centers (DCs) is positively correlated by the data centric networks performance
Complex optimization model where the locations of DCs strongly affect the efficiency of the data centric networks
Summary
Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communications will be driven by three use cases of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC) and lastly, ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). The mMTC is responsible for establishing narrowband Internet applications such as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT). Of all the above technologies, URLCC will be the most stringent to achieve based on the 1 ms end-to-end (E-2-E) latency, link reliability of 99.99999% and error rates that are lower than 1 packet loss in 105 packets as recommended by the ITU-R M.2410.0 [2]. New techniques are required to meet with the stringent latency and reliability requirements for URLLC as we migrate into the domain of haptic communications, tactile Internet, intelligent transport system (ITS) and industry 4.0 era revolution [3,4]
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