Abstract
The fossil record of Pediastrum Meyen (Chlorophyceae) in southern South America is revised and 10 species/varieties are recognised within the genus. Previously published material is identified and new data are included. The oldest and most widespread variety for the region is P. boryanum var. boryanum, which appears in the Late Cretaceous age. P. tetras is recorded in the Early Eocene in Patagonia. P. boryanum var. brevicorne, P. boryanum var. longicorne, P. duplex, P. integrum, P. kawraiskyi, P. leonensis, P. mustersii and P. simplex are present in numerous Miocene assemblages. Assemblages of different species and mass production episodes are also detected in the fossil record. New examples of the value of Pediastrum species as paleoenvironmental markers are presented.
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