The Formation of Cooper Pairs and their Role in Nondissipative Diamagnetic Currents in the Micro- and Macro-Scopic Sized Graphene Materials; Towards High-Temperature Superconductivity

Abstract

The mechanism of the formation of Cooper pairs and their role in the occurrence of nondissipative diamagnetic currents is investigated. In the previous works [1-, we suggested that in the materials with large HOMO-LUMO gaps (ΔEHOMO-LUMO,N), the Cooper pairs are formed by the large HOMO-LUMO gaps as a consequence of the quantization of the orbitals by nature, and by the attractive Coulomb interactions between two electrons with opposite momentum and spins occupying the same orbitals via the positively charged nuclei. On the other hand, according to the recent experimental research [, the Cooper pairs have been observed at room temperatures in the neutral benzene (6an), naphthalene (10ac), anthracene (14ac), and coronene molecules. That is, our prediction in our theoretical researches [1-can be well confirmed by the recent experimental research [, and our previous theory can be reasonably applied to the explanation of the mechanism of the occurrence of the granular high temperature superconductivity in carbon materials [. We show that the forming of Cooper pairs [ can be well explained by our theory previously suggested [1-. We also suggest the reasonable mechanism of the occurrence of granular high temperature superconductivity in the graphite powder treated by water or exposed to the hydrogen plasma, discovered by Esquinazi et al. [, on the basis of our previous theoretical works described above [1-, which can be well confirmed by the recent experimental work [. We also suggest the general guiding principle towards high temperature superconductivity. We suggest that any material with large ΔEHOMO-LUMO,N value (more than a few eV), in which valence bands are completely occupied by electrons, which has been believed to be typical insulator in view of solid state physics and chemistry, has a possibility to exhibit high temperature superconductivity in solids.