Abstract
The Lyα forest has opened a new redshift regime for cosmological investigation. At z > 2 it provides a unique probe of cosmic geometry and an independent constraint on dark energy that is not subject to standard candle or ruler assumptions. In Paper I of this series on using the Lyα forest observed in pairs of QSOs for a new application of the Alcock-Paczyński test, we present and discuss the results of a campaign to obtain moderate-resolution spectroscopy (FWHM ≃ 2.5 Å) of the Lyα forest in pairs of QSOs with small redshift differences (Δ z < 0.25, z > 2.2) and arcminute separations (θ < 5'). This data set, composed of seven individual QSOs, 35 pairs, and one triplet, is also well suited for future investigations of the coherence of Lyα absorbers on ~1 Mpc transverse scales and the transverse proximity effect. We note seven revisions for previously published QSO identifications and/or redshifts.
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