Abstract
This study focuses on determining the concentration of fluoride in groundwater and estimating the fluoride exposure through drinking water of three different age-groups for residents in Tay Son district, Binh Dinh province. A total of 50 well-water samples were collected and 220 people were surveyed by questionnaire from 50 households at 3 communes: Tay Phu, Binh Tuong, Tay Giang of Tay Son district. Results of this study showed that fluoride concentrations in well-water varied from 0.31 mg/L to 7.69 mg/L (mean 2.66 mg/L, SD: 2.18 mg/L) with 70% of the well-water samples above the maximum permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L (QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT). Groundwater in the studied area is seriously contaminated with fluoride. Exposure of fluoride among three age-groups was calculated according to the guidance of United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). The maximum estimated exposure doses of 0.721 mg/kg/day in the age-group of below 6 year, 0.530 mg/kg/day in the age-group between 6 and 12 years and 0.320 mg/kg/day in the age-group above 12 year exceed the LOAEL value of 0.1 mg/kg/day (WHO, 1984). A health risk due to fluorosis to the people in Tay Son district has become an evidence.
Highlights
This study focuses on determining the concentration of fluoride in groundwater and estimating the fluoride exposure through drinking water of three different age-groups for residents in Tay Son district, Binh Dinh province
A total of 50 well-water samples were collected and 220 people were surveyed by questionnaire from 50 households at 3 communes: Tay Phu, Binh Tuong, Tay Giang of Tay Son district
Results of this study showed that fluoride concentrations in well-water varied from 0.31 mg/L to 7.69 mg/L with 70% of the well-water samples above the maximum permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L (QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT)
Summary
Nghiên cứu thực hiện việc xác định nồng độ fluoride trong nước ngầm và đánh giá phơi nhiễm fluoride qua nước uống cho người dân huyện Tây Sơn, tỉnh Bình Định ở ba nhóm tuổi khác nhau. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nồng độ fluoride trong nước giếng biến động trong khoảng từ 0,31 mg/L đến 7,69 mg/L (trung bình 2,66 mg/L, độ lệch chuẩn SD: 2,18 mg/L) với 70% số mẫu có hàm lượng fluoride vượt quá giới hạn cho phép 1 mg/L theo Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia về chất lượng nước ngầm (QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT). Vùng nghiên cứu bị ô nhiễm fluoride trong nước ngầm trầm trọng. Rủi ro sức khỏe do bệnh nhiễm độc fluoride đối với người dân huyện Tây Sơn là tất yếu xảy ra. Từ khóa: fluoride, fluorosis, phơi nhiễm fluoride, nước ngầm, Bình Định
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