Abstract
The steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence properties of 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6- p-dimethylaminostyryl-4 H-pyran (DCM) in polar solvents as a function of temperature and concentration are shown to be consistent with thermal equilibrium between the trans and cis isomers. The high degree of spectral overlap of the two isomers and their distinct fluorescence decay times are dominant features in the photophysics of DCM. The presence of cis-isomer fluorescence in dimethylsulphoxide, in addition to that of the trans isomer, is identified for the first time. Further evidence, as shown by the fluorescence kinetics, is presented for ground-state concentration quenching of the cis isomer to give the trans isomer in DMSO. No evidence is found for significant DCM aggregation in solution, but such effects are observed in lipid bilayers wherein the use of DCM as a membrane probe is proposed.
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