Abstract
基于页岩基质的纳米尺度孔隙特征, 分析了页岩气在纳米孔隙中渗流的扩散、滑脱和达西渗流等对页岩气流动流量的影响. 压差作用下页岩气流量的特征研究表明: 达西流动产生的流量与地层压力、压力梯度和渗透率成正比; 扩散引发的流量与压力梯度成正比, 与平均压力成反比, 与渗透率无关; 滑脱引发的流量与压力梯度、渗透率成正比, 压力梯度和渗透率一定时, 滑脱流量为定值, 与地层平均压力无关. 低压下, 气体的扩散效应和滑脱效应明显, 扩散产生的流量所占比例较大, 高压下渗流以达西流为主; 在整个从低压到高压的地层压力区间, 在低压下由于扩散作用, 总的页岩气有一定的流量, 随着地层压力的增大扩散产生的流量减小, 到一定值后随着达西流量的进一步增大, 总流量随地层压力的增加而增大, 说明页岩气生产中存在一个最低效生产的压力区域. 水在页岩薄片上吸水过程近似分为三个阶段: (1) 水在页岩薄片表面的快速吸附; (2) 水在裂缝中较快速度的渗吸; (3) 水沿着微裂缝的缓慢渗吸. 为页岩气开发中的压裂水的反排特征研究提供了理论基础.
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