The first study on seroprevalence and risk factors for zoonotic transmission of ovine and caprine brucellosis in the Province of Bam, Burkina Faso.

Dieudonné Tialla

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2022.262-267

Abstract

Background and Aim:Brucellosis is a bacterial disease notorious for its ability to infect a wide range of domestic and wildlife animals, as well as humans. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of ovine and caprine brucellosis and the associated risk factors in the Province of Bam in Burkina Faso.Materials and Methods:The individual serological status of 300 unvaccinated sheep and 300 unvaccinated goats was determined by Rose Bengal and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) serological tests used in parallel. The frequency of behaviors conferring risk of developing this zoonotic disease was determined through two epidemiological questionnaires, which identified known risk factors for the transmission of brucellosis between animals and humans.Results:Individual seroprevalence was estimated at 6.0% (18/300) in sheep and 4.3% (13/300) in goats. The “herd” prevalence of brucellosis was estimated at 60% in sheep while 40% in goats. Positivity in the iELISA serological test was significantly associated with age, sex, and husbandry system in sheep and goats.Conclusion:These results indicate that Brucella melitensis circulates in sheep and goat farms in the Province of Bam in Burkina Faso. As B. melitensis is highly pathogenic to humans, adequate measures must be taken to protect the population against this zoonotic disease.

Highlights

IntroductionBrucellosis is a significant zoonosis most frequently caused by Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, and Brucella abortus, which are highly pathogenic to humans [1,2,3]
These results indicate that Brucella melitensis circulates in sheep and goat farms in the Province of Bam in Burkina Faso
As B. melitensis is highly pathogenic to humans, adequate measures must be taken to protect the population against this zoonotic disease

Summary

Introduction

Brucellosis is a significant zoonosis most frequently caused by Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, and Brucella abortus, which are highly pathogenic to humans [1,2,3]. It is very serious human disease in terms of public health and animal disease with extremely adverse economic and social consequences [4,5,6]. B. suis remains a significant threat to populations exposed to domestic and wild pigs [14,15].

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion