Abstract
This chapter introduces the first of the three “retail revolutions” that significantly impacted the number and types of retail outlets in most Roman cities. To be sure, while the first retail revolution can be tied to the second century BCE, still shops had long been present in Roman cities. After briefly charting the early history of the Roman shop, the focus of this chapter turns to connecting the sharp rise in their number to broader social, economic, and urban factors. The chapter illustrates how the en masse arrival of shops in the second century BCE both contributed and responded to contemporary developments in the Roman city. A particular characteristic of the retail outlets of this period is their productive capacity; they operate as workshops.
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