Abstract
This paper sheds the first light on the phylogeny of the Central Asian genusTuraniumBaeckmann, 1922. By applying an integrative taxonomy approach, we revealed and described a new species from Kyrgyzstan—Turanium losiKarpiński, Plewa & Hilszczańskisp. nov.Distinguishing characters from closely relatedTuranium pilosum(Reitter, 1891) are presented and their ecological associations are discussed. The key characters, including the male terminalia, were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy. High-quality stacked photographs of the habitus of the specimens are presented for both species and their geographical distributions are mapped. While the new species shows stable morphological characters that allow its differentiation fromT. pilosumand the COI genetic distance between them is approx. 3%, the different species delimitation methods gave discordant results. Although the new species remained unrecognized for so long, it seems that these cerambycids are common in the region and both can be considered potentially invasive as they are apparently highly polyphagous. It has also been documented that they occur sympatrically in Kyrgyzstan. Both the Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of COI sequences confirmed the monophyly of the genusTuraniumwith strong support (PP 1 and BS 90, respectively). Moreover, the recently revealed polyphyly of the tribe Callidiini was supported by our analyses and, consequently, the discussion on the establishment of a new tribe Ropalopini is raised. This study further corroborates the effectiveness of DNA barcoding as a tool in detecting new species and provides some of the first sequences for Central Asian cerambycids, which remain almost completely unknown in terms of molecular studies.
Highlights
The genus Turanium Baeckmann, 1922 is a small group of the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Cerambycinae that is distributed in Central Asia—from northeastern Iran (Bojnord) to central and southeastern Kazakhstan (Dzungarian Alatau) and western part of Kyrgyzstan, including almost the entire territory of Tajikistan (Danilevsky 2001; Sama et al 2008)
The comparison of our material with the Reitter’s type (HNHM) revealed that the barcoded specimens that represent the population from Tajikistan (Takob) belong to the existing species, and the sequenced specimens from Kyrgyzstan represent a new species of the genus Turanium
The analyses further indicated that both Central Asian Ropalopus: R. nadari and R. mali were clustered together with strong support (BS 91, posterior probability from MrBayes (PP) 1), in the position of a sister group to the Turanium clade (BS 59, PP 0.79)
Summary
The genus Turanium Baeckmann, 1922 is a small group of the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Cerambycinae that is distributed in Central Asia—from northeastern Iran (Bojnord) to central and southeastern Kazakhstan (Dzungarian Alatau) and western part of Kyrgyzstan, including almost the entire territory of Tajikistan (Danilevsky 2001; Sama et al 2008) This so far relatively poorly studied group comprises seven hitherto described species that were classified into two subgenera: Chalcoturanium Jankowski, 1934 and Turanium (Tavakilian and Chevillotte 2021). Five species (i.e. Turanium hladili Kratochvíl, 1985, Turanium pilosum (Reitter, 1891), Turanium rauschorum Holzschuh, 1998, Turanium scabrum (Kraatz, 1882), and Turanium tekeorum Danilevsky, 2001) were placed in the nominative subgenus, while Turanium badenkoi Danilevsky, 2001 and Turanium johannis Baeckmann, 1922 belong to Chalcoturanium The latter species was hitherto commonly divided into two subspecies: T. j. A new and more comprehensive revision containing all these elements and a reconstruction of a possible phylogeny based on morphological and/or molecular data is needed
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