Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of animals can provide useful information for evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses. The mitogenome of the genus Exhippolysmata (i.e., Exhippolysmata ensirostris) was sequenced and annotated for the first time, its phylogenetic relationship with selected members from the infraorder Caridea was investigated. The 16,350 bp mitogenome contains the entire set of 37 common genes. The mitogenome composition was highly A + T biased at 64.43% with positive AT skew (0.009) and negative GC skew (− 0.199). All tRNA genes in the E. ensirostris mitogenome had a typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1 (AGN), which appeared to lack the dihydrouridine arm. The gene order in the E. ensirostris mitogenome was rearranged compared with those of ancestral decapod taxa, the gene order of trnL2-cox2 changed to cox2-trnL2. The tandem duplication-random loss model is the most likely mechanism for the observed gene rearrangement of E. ensirostris. The ML and BI phylogenetic analyses place all Caridea species into one group with strong bootstrap support. The family Lysmatidae is most closely related to Alpheidae and Palaemonidae. These results will help to better understand the gene rearrangements and evolutionary position of E. ensirostris and lay a foundation for further phylogenetic studies of Caridea.
Highlights
The Decapoda is an ecologically and economically important order of crustaceans comprising a wide variety of crabs, lobsters, prawns and shrimps totalling over 18,000 extant and fossil species[1,2]
The complete mitogenome of E. ensirostris was found to be a typical circular molecule of 16,350 bp (Fig. 1), and the sequence was deposited in GenBank under accession number MK681888
Using next-generation sequencing methods, the mitogenome of E. ensirostris was determined to be a circular molecule of 16,350 bp
Summary
The Decapoda is an ecologically and economically important order of crustaceans comprising a wide variety of crabs, lobsters, prawns and shrimps totalling over 18,000 extant and fossil species[1,2]. It is the most abundant and largest order of crustaceans. The species Exhippolysmata ensirostris (Kemp 1914), which is widely distributed in the Pacific region, extends from the coast of the East China Sea and South China Sea to the Indo-West Pacific It is an important and commercially exploited species in the East China Sea and the South China Sea. research on the genus Exhippolysmata has been limited to its species investigation and morphological description. The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of the E. ensirostris mitogenome and clarify the evolutionary relationships within the Caridea mitogenome
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