Abstract
A maxilla with both toothrows C-M3 of a late Miocene hominoid is described. It was found at the locality Nikiti 1 (NKT) of Chalkidiki (Macedonia, Greece). The locality has been dated to late Vallesian-earliest Turolian. The morphological characters and the comparison of the new maxilla suggest that it is a female individual of Ouranopithecus macedoniensis. It is the first known female maxilla of the species. Comparison with the other two known male maxillae of Ouranopithecus macedoniensis indicates the following differences: smaller size of maxilla and teeth, smaller mesial groove in the canine, more lingually situated mesial groove in the canine, slightly smaller mesiobuccal projection in P3 and relatively shorter P4. There are no significant morphological differences in the molars. Various statistical parameters for the Ouranopithecus teeth have been calculated and compared with those of the extant hominoids. This comparison suggests the presence of a single species in the sample.
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