The first experience of treating linear types of capillary angiodysplasia of the skin in children with green laser light λ 520 ± 10.0 nm

Abstract

Introduction. The linear type of capillary angiodysplasia (LCA) is represented by pathologically dilated vessels of the capillary flow located between the epidermis and hypodermis. LCA may be both congenital and acquired. By the type of blood supply, LCA are arterial, venous and mixed. Local infections and injuries, excessive solar insolation and hormonal imbalance are noted among LCA causes. LCAs are benign lesions, but they may have complications which may be triggered, for example, by traumatic damage to a pathologically enlarged vessel. There is a large number of non-invasive and invasive curative methods of LCA removal: cryotherapy, electrocoagulation, sclerotherapy, laser photodestruction and others. Among disadvantages, various authors mark: high risk of scarring, hyperpigmentation and high rate of disease relapse.Purpose. To improve results of treatment of children with LCA by using laser light.Material and methods. 32 children having LCA were treated with transcutaneous selective photodestruction ( green laser light, wavelength of 520 ± 10.0 nm generated by Russian-made laser device "Malachit") in Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma in 2021–2022.Results. After treatment, 31 child had good results without residual vascular elements and scar deformation in the photodestruction zone. One patient required a repeated laser session because of remained residual elements after which she also had good results.Conclusion. The presented clinical trial has demonstrated that transcutaneous selective laser photodestruction with consideration of spatial localization of LCA structural elements in the skin, provides a precise treatment of pathological dilated vascular structures, practically without skin damage, and allows to achieve radical good clinical and aesthetic outcomes.