Abstract
Carpophilus dimidiatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Carpophilus pilosellus Motschulsky are two sibling species and economically important storage pests worldwide. The first complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of both were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. The mt genomes of C. dimidiatus and C. pilosellus are circular, with total lengths of 15,717 bp and 15,686 bp, respectively. Gene order and content for both species are similar to what has been observed in ancestral insects and consist of 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region. Comparing the mt genome data of C. dimidiatus and C. pilosellus, they are similar in organization, arrangement patterns, GC contents, transfer RNA (tRNA) secondary structures, and codon usage patterns. Small differences were noted with regards to the nucleotide similarity of coding regions and the control region. This is the first publication of the complete mitochondrial genomes of two sibling species. The mt genome sequences can supplement the nuclear markers of the Carpophilus genus in research species identification, system evolution, and population genetic structure, and also will be valuable molecular marker for further genetic studies.
Highlights
The beetle genus Carpophilus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Carpophilinae) is one cluster in taxonomic lineage
Carpophilus dimidiatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Carpophilus pilosellus Motschulsky are two sibling species that show a strong preference for attacking stored grain, dry fruits, Chinese herbal medicine, and many other stored-product commodities
We report the first complete mt genomes of C. dimidiatus and C. pilosellus, analyze the gene arrangement, and compare the mt genome data between the two sibling species
Summary
The beetle genus Carpophilus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Carpophilinae) is one cluster in taxonomic lineage. There are about 200 Carpophilus species, most of which are distributed in the tropics and subtropics [1,2,3,4]. Carpophilus dimidiatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Carpophilus pilosellus Motschulsky are two sibling species that show a strong preference for attacking stored grain, dry fruits, Chinese herbal medicine, and many other stored-product commodities. They reduce the quality and quantity of stored products and create conditions for the growth of molds and fungi [5,6,7]. Carpophilus pilosellus is often found in dry fruit storage sites and has a received widespread distribution across China, Japan, Vietnam, and India [10,11]
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