Abstract
Aims. We look to provide a detailed description of the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) survey, an SDSS-IV programme aimed at obtaining spectroscopic classification and redshift measurements for complete samples of sufficiently bright X-ray sources. Methods. We describe the SPIDERS X-ray Point Source Spectroscopic Catalogue, considering its store of 11 092 observed spectra drawn from a parent sample of 14 759 ROSAT and XMM sources over an area of 5129 deg2 covered in SDSS-IV by the eBOSS survey. Results. This programme represents the largest systematic spectroscopic observation of an X-ray selected sample. A total of 10 970 (98.9%) of the observed objects are classified and 10 849 (97.8%) have secure redshifts. The majority of the spectra (10 070 objects) are active galactic nuclei (AGN), 522 are cluster galaxies, and 294 are stars. Conclusions. The observed AGN redshift distribution is in good agreement with simulations based on empirical models for AGN activation and duty cycle. Forming composite spectra of type 1 AGN as a function of the mass and accretion rate of their black holes reveals systematic differences in the H-beta emission line profiles. This study paves the way for systematic spectroscopic observations of sources that are potentially to be discovered in the upcoming eROSITA survey over a large section of the sky.
Highlights
Since the advent of powerful focusing X-ray telescopes, it has become clear that the high-energy emission provides an insightful view of the extra-galactic sky
We look to provide a detailed description of the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) survey, an SDSSIV programme aimed at obtaining spectroscopic classification and redshift measurements for complete samples of sufficiently bright X-ray sources
We describe the SPIDERS X-ray Point Source Spectroscopic Catalogue, considering its store of 11 092 observed spectra drawn from a parent sample of 14 759 ROSAT and XMM sources over an area of 5129 deg2 covered in SDSS-IV by the eBOSS survey
Summary
Since the advent of powerful focusing X-ray telescopes, it has become clear that the high-energy emission provides an insightful view of the extra-galactic sky. Spectroscopic observations in the optical of X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) have increased in number by about two orders of magnitude, from hundreds to tens of thousands, when combining deep and mediumdeep surveys with wide area surveys (Murray et al 2005; Salvato et al 2009, 2011; Brusa et al 2010; Fotopoulou et al 2012; Kochanek et al 2012; Hsu et al 2014; Nandra et al 2015; Marchesi et al 2016; Menzel et al 2016; Xue et al 2016; Ananna et al 2017; Georgakakis et al 2017; Luo et al 2017; Hasinger et al 2018; LaMassa et al 2019). We report on the spectroscopic redshift measurement of 10 849 sources for 14 759 X-ray candidates over an area of 5128.9 deg using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Subset of existing samples of X-ray selected AGN with spectroscopic redshift.
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