Abstract
We investigate the positivity of the Euclidean path integral measure for low-energy modes in dense fermionic matter. We show that the sign problem usually associated with fermions is absent if one considers only low-energy degrees of freedom. We describe a method for simulating dense QCD on the lattice and give a proof using rigorous inequalities that the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase is the true vacuum of three flavor, massless QCD.
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