The features of integral hematological indexes of non-specific resistance in poltava meat breed pigs when exposed to technological stress factors

Abstract

Nonspecific resistance is a stable trait of a species. In farm animals, it’s defined by the breed and its pureness. The aim of the work is to determine the level of nonspecific resistance using integral hematological indices in breeding pigs of the Poltava Meat Breed under the influence of technological stress factors, depending on the genotype.The main boars and sows of the Poltava Meat Breed, in accordance with the genotype, were divided into three groups according to the principle of analogous pairs: Group I – animals obtained “clean”, Group II – animals with the admixture of EarlyMaturing Meat Breed blood (in order to increase the adaptability), Group III – animals, with the admixture of the Finnish Landrace blood (in order to improve meat qualities). All animals belonged to the elite and first classes. To characterize nonspecific resistance, several integral hematological indices were used, such as: leukocyte index, immunoreactivity index, neutrophillymphocyte coefficient, Breddeck index, stress index, adaptation index, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, neutrophil to monocyte ratio, allergization index. The results were processed statistically. It was found that boars and sows of the Poltava Meat Breed had significant differences in the level of the body's defenses, determined by the integral hematological indices. The research results showed that the genotype did not have a significant effect on the performance of certain indices in boars. In sows, a significant difference in genotypes was established only by the index of the neutrophil to monocyte ratio. In pigs of the Poltava Meat Breed under conditions of technological stress, specific features in the functioning of the nonspecific resistance mechanisms were found, most of them depending on the sex of the animals. The influence of the genotype on defense responses when exposed to technological stress was established only in sows. The obtained results are of great importance for the development of breeding measures and technological methods of animal keeping, which contribute to an increase in the functional capabilities of highly productive animals and obtaining high-quality products from them.