The Feasibility of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) in the Energy Mix of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This paper discusses the technology and usage of SMR technology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Implementing such technology is helpful and can facilitate meeting the 2030 vision, which states net zero carbon emissions by 2060. SMRs with around 300 MWe contain advanced passive safety systems designed to reduce and eliminate the risk of accidental events. With their small size compared to large reactors, SMRs can be multi-unit to increase the power and reduce the cost. Also, Saudi is the largest producer of desalinated water and diesel generators used as a power source. Therefore, using SMR rather than diesel generators can reduce costs and greenhouse gas emissions. In Saudi Arabia, SMRs can be used as the primary source of electricity production for far-distanced areas, for example, or as an addition to existing plants. One unit of SMR can generate electricity for 0.93% of the population and produce 0.78% of the total energy produced in Saudi. Furthermore, beside adding value by producing hydrogen during non-peak hours, SMRs can integrate with renewable sources to compensate for the drawbacks since the vision states that renewables and natural gas will reach 50% of the energy mix in 2030.