The feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness and impact of implementing person-centered communication for prevention of female genital mutilation in antenatal care settings in Guinea, Kenya and Somalia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background There is limited evidence on how to engage health workers as advocates in preventing female genital mutilation (FGM). This study assesses the feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness and impact of a person-centered communication (PCC) approach for FGM prevention among antenatal care (ANC) providers in Guinea, Kenya and Somalia. Methods Between August 2020 and September 2021, a cluster randomised trial was conducted in 180 ANC clinics in three countries testing an intervention on PCC for FGM prevention. A process evaluation was embedded, comprising in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 18 ANC providers and 18 ANC clients. A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted, guided by themes identified a priori and/or that emerged from the data. Results ANC providers and clients agreed that the ANC context was a feasible, acceptable and appropriate entry point for FGM prevention counselling. ANC clients were satisfied with how FGM-related information was communicated by providers and viewed them as trusted and effective communicators. Respondents suggested training reinforcement, targeting other cadres of health workers and applying this approach at different service delivery points in health facilities and in the community to increase sustainability and impact. Conclusion These findings can inform the scale up this FGM prevention approach in high prevalence countries.