The fate of triorganotin biocides on incorporation into hypalon paint‐based marine antifouling systems:119mSn Mössbauer and 119Sn NMR studies

Abstract

AbstractIncorporation of bis(tributyltin) oxide into a Hypalon paint system results in the formation of tributyltin chloride and a second organotin species, the identity of which remains uncertain. Both compounds are appreciably retained by the dried paint matrix, thereby resulting in marked reduction in the release rate of the tributyltin moiety into aqueous systems. In contrast, tributyltin acetate, tributyltin carbonate and bis(triphenyltin) oxide appear to be incorporated into the paint film in a largely unchanged state. In the case of triphenyltin chloride and triphenyltin acetate, evidence of dephenylation to form diphenyl‐ and monophenyl‐tin compounds has been obtained.