The fate of heterogeneous catalysis & click chemistry for 1,2,3-triazoles: Nobel prize in chemistry 2022

Abstract

The demand for environmental friendly methodologies had shifted the the approach of scientific community for using easy and green reaction conditions instead of using hazardous and harsh reaction conditions. One of the suggested approaches, use of catalyst remained prime choice for harsh free green reaction. The difficulty in the separation of homogeneous catalyst from reaction product increased the attention of chemists for heterogeneous catalysts. The present review summarizes some recent important developments in heterogeneous catalysis using “click reaction” for obtaining 1,2,3-triazoles via Cu-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). A vast collection of papers is efficiently grouped into two significant classes to increase readability in easy language. Firstly, the CuAAC reactions, and secondly, other metal-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (MAAC) reactions are discussed. The CuAAC reactions are further grouped into two sub-classes of Cu(I)-nanoparticle catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (Cu-NPs-AAC) and simple Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. In most cases, the formation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles, as reported, was conveniently presented with the help of colored schemes.