Abstract
The Albanian - Chinese relations in the years of the Cold War were thrilling as much as dramatic. The age of their flourish in the '60-ies, unfortunately did not last for long. The Albanian sponsorship that China be admitted in the UN with full rights was a test that Enver Hoxha should exploit for the good of the Albanian people. It was a historic and unrepeated opportunity for little Albania to escape the political and economic impasse since the breakup of relations with the Soviet Union in 1961. The incompetence of the Albanian leadership to understand the trends of the age would mark the following political failure of Albania and would influent in the total isolation of the country. It's not difficult to understand that Albania had historic opportunities to join the Western side but chose to align with the Eastern bloc. The beginnings are with sensational approach with Tito's Yugoslavia. After that the Albanian political leadership kept Albania under the umbrella of the Soviet Union and at the end with China. After the end of the relations with China in 1978, Albania paved the way of the total isolation. The secret visit of the President Nixon's national security adviser Dr. Kissinger to China in July 1971 was interpreted by the Albanian communist leader as a betrayal of the Marxist ideology. Enver Hoxha responded with a harsh and rude letter on August 6th 1971 urging China to not accept the visit of President Nixon the following year. This was the first major break in the relations between the two countries. Since then, the help from China for the weak Albanian economy would decline till the unavoidable break of July 1978. The methodology used in this paper is strictly comparative history analyzing the way diplomacy and politics should work to achieve the set aim.
Highlights
The secret visit of Henry Kissinger to China on July 9th 19711 was a major success in the American foreign policy
When President Nixon made the famous announcement on July 15th 19712, four days after the secret visit, the shock in all the world and in Tirana was with apocalyptic dimensions
How would the Albanian official policy react towards this great "betrayal" of Marxism-Leninism? The Albanian ambassador in Beijing was called in audience on July 17th 1971 by the Chinese premier Chou En Lai to be informed about the Kissinger's visit3
Summary
The secret visit of Henry Kissinger to China on July 9th 19711 was a major success in the American foreign policy. The Albanian ambassador in Beijing was called in audience on July 17th 1971 by the Chinese premier Chou En Lai to be informed about the Kissinger's visit. On the first meeting the Chinese counselor was informed for three issues: (a) the discussion within the July 21st 1971 the right of China to join the UN in the order of the day, (b) the handling of every document (letters, explanatory memories and resolutions) and (c) the appointment of Albania's and Algeria delegations to prepare the documents. It was unavoidable the fact that China would be accepted with full rights in the UN, but before this extraordinary step could be achieved, Albania or better say, its undisputed leader Enver Hoxha would make the mistake His senseless megalomania for the rest of world was something usual, but this time the Albanian leader overreacted.
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